RESEARCH MISCONDUCT DEFINITIONS

Fabrication 

The act of inventing data, results, or outcomes and documenting them as if they were obtained through genuine research processes.

Falsification

Deliberately altering research materials, equipment, procedures, or data in a way that misrepresents the actual findings or distorts the integrity of the research record.

Plagiarism

Using another individual’s ideas, methods, results, or words without proper acknowledgment, thereby presenting them as one’s own original work.